NOUN CLAUSES
Noun clause adalah clause yang
difungsikan sebagai noun. Noun clause dalam kalimat pada umumnya digunakan
sebagai subject dan object kalimat.
A. Noun Clauses diawali dengan Question words
Dalam How to Address Questions sudah dibahas tentang penggunaan kata tanya
baik dalam membuat information questions maupun
dalam membuat embedded questions.
Embedded questions tersebut adalah noun clause. Dalam section ini
diberikan contoh tambahan untuk merefresh memori anda.
1. Single question words.
1.
Where she is now is still unknown.
2.
When they arrive is still uncertain.
3.
I know what you did last summer and I
still know what you did last summer are two Hollywood movies
starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt.
Perhatikan: dalam kalimat ini, noun clause what you did last summer menjadi
object dari I know dan I still know, dan setelah
digabung dengan: are two Hollywood movies starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt,
menjadi subject majemuk dari kalimat.
Noun clause dapat ditempatkan diawal kalimat (sebagai subject) atau sebagai
object. Jika anda ingin merubah posisi noun clause dari subject kalimat menjadi
object kalimat, biasanya dibutuhkan pronoun it atau sedikit modifikasi kata.
Contoh di atas menjadi:
1.
It is still unknown where she is now.
2.
Do you know when they arrive?
3.
Two Hollywood movies starred by Jennifer Love Hewitt are I know
what you did last summer and I still know what you did
last summer. Karena merupakan judul movies, noun clause what
you did last summer tidak perlu diputar posisinya.
Note:
a) Clause yang diawali oleh question words tertentu (i.e. when, whenever,
where) juga dapat berfungsi sebagai adverbial clause.
1.
I was reading a book when the phone rang.
2.
I went to where I and my ex girlfriend had been last
weekend.
3.
I suddenly get nausea whenever I see his face. (nausea =
mual/mau muntah).
b). Clause yang diawali oleh question words tertentu (i.e. who, whom, whose
+ noun) juga dapat berfungsi sebagai adjective clause. Dalam hal ini, kata
tanya tersebut sebenarnya adalah relative pronoun. Well, jangan terlalu
dipusingkan dengan istilah. Yang penting anda mengerti pola/struktur
kalimatnya. Tapi, jika anda penasaran, silakan baca topic adjective clauses.
1.
I think you whom Mr. Dodi was looking for. (Saya kira kamu
(orang) yang pak Dodi sedang cari-cari tadi).
2.
Mr. Dodi, who is a teacher, was looking for you at school.
3.
Rommy, whose book was stolen last week, just bought another new
book yesterday.
2. Question words + ever/soever
Kecuali how, diakhir question words dapat ditambahkan ever atau soever menjadi
whenever = whensoever, whatever= whatsoever, dan seterusnya. Arti ever atau soever di
sini sama, yaitu saja/pun, tinggal dikombinasikan dengan kata tanya
di depannya. Sedangkan, how+ever menjadi however (i.e. adverb
atau juga disebut kata transisi yang berarti namun/walapun demikian) tidak
termasuk dalam katagori ini.
1.
We will accept whatever you want us to do. (Kami akan
menerima/melakukan apa saja yang kamu ingin kami lakukan).
2.
Whoever can melt her feeling is a very lucky
guy. (melt = meluluhkan). Be careful: guy (dibaca gae)= laki-laki, sedangkan gay
(dibaca gei) = fag = homo.
3.
She has agreed to wherever the man would bring her.
(Dia telah setuju kemanapun pria itu membawanya pergi). Note: in speaking
(informal), preposition (dalam hal ini to, etc.) biasanya
diletakkan di ujung kalimat. She has agreed wherever the man would
bring her to.
3. Question words + nouns
Question words + nouns yang sering digunakan antara lain: what time (jam
berapa), what day (hari apa), what time (jam berapa), what kind (jenis apa),
what type (tipe apa), whose + nouns (i.e. whose car, whose book, ect.), dan
seterusnya.
1.
I can’t remember what day we will take the exam.
2.
As long as I am faithful, she doesn’t care what type of family I
come from. (faithful = setia).
3.
Do you know what time it is?
4.
I don’t know whose car is parked in front of my house.
4. Question words + adjectives
Question words + adjectives yang sering digunakan antara lain: how long
(berapa panjang/lama), how far (berapa jauh), how old (berapa tua/umur), ect.
1.
Man! She still looks young. Do you know how old she actually is?
2.
I am lost. Could you tell me how far it is from here to the post
office?
3.
What a jerk. He didn’t even ask how long I had been waiting for him.
5. Question words + determiners.
Question words + determiners yang sering digunakan adalah: how many (berapa
banyak) dan how much (berapa banyak). Remember: how many diikuti oleh
plural nouns, sedangkan how much diikuti oleh uncountable nouns.
1.
Is there any correlation between how good he or she is in English and how
many books he or she has?
2.
How much your English skill will improve is determined by
how hard you practice.
6. Question words + adverbs.
Question words + adverbs yang sering digunakan adalah: how often (berapa
sering), how many times (berapa kali) ect.
1.
No matter how often I practice, my English still sucks. (Tidak
memandang berapa kali saya latihan, bahasa Inggris saya masih jelek). Suck
(informal verb) = jelek/tidak baik; arti suck yang lain: mengisap.
2.
I don’t want my parents to know how many times I have left school
early. (leave school early = bolos).
7. Question words + infinitives.
Jika question words langsung diikuti oleh infinitives, invinitives tersebut
mengandung makna should atau can/could.
Perhatikan bahwa subject setelah question words dihilangkan.
1.
She didn’t know what to do = She didn’t know what
she should do. (Dia tidak tahu apa yang seharusnya dia lakukan).
2.
Please tell me how to get the train station from here =
Please tell me how I can get the train station from here.
3.
We haven’t decided when to go to the beach = We haven’t
decided when we should go to the beach.
4.
Marry told us where to find her = Marry told us where
we could find her.
B. Noun clauses diawali dengan whether/if
Whether bisa diikuti oleh OR/NOT bisa juga tidak; makna kalimat biasanya
sama walaupun OR/NOT tidak disebutkan (ini tergantung konteks kalimat). Untuk
penggunaan if, selain telah dibahas di topic conjunctions, juga telah dibahas di topicconditionals. Note:
whether pelafalannya sama dengan weather (cuaca), tulisannya juga mirip. Be
careful, jangan sampai tertukar.
1.
I am not sure whether she is coming or not = I am not sure whether
or not she is coming = I am not sure whether she is coming.
(Saya tidak yakin apakah dia akan datang atau tidak).
2.
We can’t decide whether we should go out or stay home. = We
can’t decide whether to go or (to) stay home. Perhatikan,
infinitives juga dapat digunakan setelah whether.
3.
I am not sure whether I should take economics or law after I graduate from
high school. (Saya tidak yakin apakah saya harus ngambil Ekonomi atau Hukum
setelah lulus SMA nanti).
4.
If you take economics, I will take economics. On the other hand, if you
take law, I will take law too.
C. Noun clauses diawali dengan that/the fact that
Di sini that berarti bahwa, sedangkan the
fact that berarti fakta bahwa. Sedangkan, that dalam
adjective clauses berartiyang.
1.
That she has had a PhD degree at the age of 20 surprises a lot
of people = It surprises a lot of people that she has had a PhD degree
at the age of 20.
2.
It is the fact that the world is round = the fact
that the world is round is well known.
3.
It was obvious that she was very sick = The fact
that she was very sick was obvious.
4.
It seems that it is going to rain soon.
Sekarang coba anda latihan buat kalimat dengan menggunakan:
1.
It is + (true, too bad, unfortunate, strange, impossible, unlikely, a
well known fact, my belief, etc) + (that/the fact that) + S +V.
2.
It + stative + (that/the fact that) + S +V. Kata-kata yang termasuk stative verbs dapat
dilihat pada topik simple present tense.
EXAMPLE :
1. A child milks a dancow.
Answer : Children milks a dancow.
2. There is five car in my house.
Answer : There are five cars in my house.
3. There is three brother in my family.
Answer : There are three brother in my family.
4. Is there a guitar in the house?
Answer : Are there guitar in the house?
5. Is there two book in my bag?
Answer : Are there two book in my bag?
6. There is mosque in front of my house?
Answer : There are mosques in front of my house?
7. Child plays in the garden.
Answer : Children plays in the garden.
8. Is there a picture in the house?
Answer : Are there pictures in the house?
9. What she get makes his family pround.
Answer : What she gets makes his family proud.
10. A rabbit is an animal.
Answer : Rabbits are animals.
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